| ECIS™ Model: | 1600 | 1600R | 9600 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maximum Number of Wells | 16 | 16 | 96 |
| AC Signal | |||
| Three fixed frequencies | X | - | X |
| Completely variable frequencies | - | X | - |
| Measurement | |||
| Impedance | X | X | X |
| Complex impedance (resistance and capacitance) | - | X | - |
| Superior sensitivity by locking to AC frequency (e.g. single cell detection) | - | X | - |
| Modeling Breakdown of data into cell parameters* | - | X | - |
| Applications | |||
| Cell proliferation assays | X | X | X |
| Cell attachment/spreading assays | X | X | X |
| Impedance changes during cell spreading | X | X | X |
| Measurement of electrode area coverage (capacitance) | - | X | - |
| Signal transduction assays | X | X | X |
| Impedance changes | X | X | X |
| Modeled changes in cell parameters | - | X | - |
| Wound-healing / migration assay | X | X | X |
| Fixed voltage and frequency parameter | X | - | X |
| Variable voltage as well as frequency parameters | - | X | - |
| Permeability of confluent cell monolayers | X | X | X |
| Changes in overall layer impedance | X | X | X |
| Modeling to provide true barrier function | - | X | - |
| Cell invasion assays | X | X | X |
| Based on impedance changes | X | X | X |
| Modeled changes in cell parameters | - | X | - |
| *Giaever and Keese, PNAS 1991 | |||